供应(ying)(ying)链管(guan)理的(de)概念(nian)：1-企业(ye)通(tong)过对(dui)(dui)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)流(liu)、信息流(liu)、物(wu)流(liu)和(he)资金流(liu)的(de)控制(zhi)2-从(cong)(cong)采购原材料开始(shi)，制(zhi)成(cheng)中间(jian)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及终产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)，由销售(shou)网(wang)(wang)络(luo)把(ba)(ba)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)送到(dao)消(xiao)费(fei)(fei)者(zhe)手中。3-它将供应(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)、分销商(shang)、零售(shou)商(shang)，直(zhi)到(dao)终端消(xiao)费(fei)(fei)者(zhe)，连(lian)成(cheng)一个整(zheng)(zheng)体的(de)功(gong)能网(wang)(wang)链。4-是对(dui)(dui)从(cong)(cong)供应(ying)(ying)商(shang)到(dao)客户(hu)的(de)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)流(liu)、信息流(liu)、资金流(liu)和(he)物(wu)流(liu)的(de)集成(cheng)管(guan)理，以达到(dao)供应(ying)(ying)链价(jia)值的(de)大化。一条完(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)的(de)供应(ying)(ying)链应(ying)(ying)包括：供应(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)、分销商(shang)、零售(shou)商(shang)，以及消(xiao)费(fei)(fei)者(zhe)。从(cong)(cong)比较正(zheng)式的(de)角(jiao)度看，作为(wei)(wei)物(wu)流(liu)、商(shang)流(liu)、信息流(liu)、资金流(liu)的(de)关键控制(zhi)，供应(ying)(ying)链管(guan)理贯穿现(xian)代企业(ye)的(de)每一个环节(jie)。从(cong)(cong)采购原材料开始(shi)、到(dao)制(zhi)成(cheng)中间(jian)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、部署销售(shou)网(wang)(wang)络(luo)、以及把(ba)(ba)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)送到(dao)消(xiao)费(fei)(fei)者(zhe)手中的(de)整(zheng)(zheng)个流(liu)程，同时构造(zao)出供应(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)、分销商(shang)、零售(shou)商(shang)直(zhi)到(dao)终用户(hu)的(de)整(zheng)(zheng)体功(gong)能网(wang)(wang)链结构。供应(ying)(ying)链管(guan)理需要进行法律合规管(guan)理，以遵守法律法规和(he)规范经(jing)营行为(wei)(wei)。江(jiang)门(men)一站(zhan)式供应(ying)(ying)链服(fu)务公司

VMI是一种供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)集(ji)成(cheng)化运(yun)(yun)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)决(jue)策代(dai)理(li)(li)模式，它把用户的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)决(jue)策权代(dai)理(li)(li)给供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)，由供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)或批发(fa)(fa)商(shang)行使库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)决(jue)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)权力。是一种风险共(gong)担(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)思(si)想。是解决(jue)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)系统(tong)中由于各节点(dian)，企业相(xiang)互独(du)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)运(yun)(yun)作模式而导致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“长鞭(bian)效应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)”，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)同(tong)步(bu)化程(cheng)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一种有(you)效方(fang)(fang)法。优点(dian)：为(wei)实(shi)现供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)步(bu)化运(yun)(yun)作提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)条件和保证；减少了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)扭曲现象，降低了(le)库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不确定性(xing)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稳定性(xing)；库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)作为(wei)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)双(shuang)方(fang)(fang)信息交流和协调纽带(dai)，可以(yi)暴露供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺陷(xian)，为(wei)改进(jin)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水平提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)依据；为(wei)实(shi)现零库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、准时化采(cai)购以(yi)及精细供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)创造了(le)条件；进(jin)一步(bu)体现了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)环境(jing)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)资源(yuan)共(gong)享和风险共(gong)担(dan)原则(ze)。策略：建(jian)立(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)协调管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)机制(zhi)；建(jian)立(li)共(gong)同(tong)合作目标；建(jian)立(li)联合库(ku)(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)协调方(fang)(fang)法；建(jian)立(li)信息沟(gou)通与共(gong)享系统(tong)；建(jian)立(li)利益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分配和激励机制(zhi)；发(fa)(fa)挥不同(tong)资源(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用；建(jian)立(li)快速(su)响应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)系统(tong)；发(fa)(fa)挥第三方(fang)(fang)物流企业的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。江门全(quan)球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)模式有(you)哪些(xie)国际贸易供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)哪家比较好(hao)？推荐世双(shuang)国际贸易！

根(gen)据(ju)功(gong)(gong)能性(xing)(xing)不(bu)同(tong)划(hua)分(fen)：（1）有效性(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)：主(zhu)要体(ti)现(xian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)物理(li)功(gong)(gong)能，即以(yi)低的(de)(de)成本(ben)将原(yuan)材(cai)料转化成零(ling)部件(jian)、半成品、产(chan)(chan)品，以(yi)及在(zai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)运输等。（2）反应(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)：主(zhu)要体(ti)现(xian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)市场中(zhong)(zhong)介的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能，即把产(chan)(chan)品分(fen)配到满(man)足用户需(xu)求的(de)(de)市场，对未预(yu)知的(de)(de)需(xu)求做出快速(su)反应(ying)(ying)(ying)等。（3）创新性(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)：主(zhu)要体(ti)现(xian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)客(ke)户需(xu)求功(gong)(gong)能，即根(gen)据(ju)消(xiao)费者的(de)(de)喜好或时尚的(de)(de)引(yin)导(dao)，进(jin)而(er)调(diao)整产(chan)(chan)品内容与形式来满(man)足市场需(xu)求。根(gen)据(ju)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)地位不(bu)同(tong)划(hua)分(fen)，（1）盟(meng)主(zhu)型供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)：指(zhi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)某一(yi)成员的(de)(de)节点企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)整个供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)据(ju)主(zhu)导(dao)地位，对其他成员具有很强的(de)(de)辐射(she)能力和吸引(yin)能力，通常称该企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)为关键(jian)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)或主(zhu)导(dao)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)。（2）非盟(meng)主(zhu)型供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)：指(zhi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)地位彼此差距不(bu)大，对供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)重要程度(du)相同(tong)。

供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)根据范(fan)围不同(tong)划分(fen)，（1）内(nei)部(bu)(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)：指(zhi)企业内(nei)部(bu)(bu)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)流通过(guo)(guo)(guo)程中所(suo)涉(she)及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)采购部(bu)(bu)门(men)、生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)部(bu)(bu)门(men)、仓储(chu)部(bu)(bu)门(men)、销(xiao)售(shou)部(bu)(bu)门(men)等组(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需网(wang)络。（2）外部(bu)(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)：指(zhi)企业外部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，与(yu)企业相关的(de)(de)(de)(de)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)流通过(guo)(guo)(guo)程中涉(she)及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)材料供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商、生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)厂(chang)商、储(chu)运商、零(ling)售(shou)商以及(ji)消费(fei)者组(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需网(wang)络。内(nei)部(bu)(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)和(he)(he)(he)外部(bu)(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)共同(tong)组(zu)成了企业产(chan)(chan)品(pin)从(cong)原(yuan)材料到(dao)成品(pin)到(dao)消费(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)根据复杂程度不同(tong)划分(fen)，（1）直(zhi)接(jie)型供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)：在(zai)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)、服务(wu)、资金(jin)和(he)(he)(he)信息在(zai)往(wang)上(shang)(shang)游和(he)(he)(he)下游的(de)(de)(de)(de)流动(dong)(dong)过(guo)(guo)(guo)程中，由公司(si)、此公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商和(he)(he)(he)此公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客户(hu)组(zu)成。（2）扩展(zhan)型供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)：把直(zhi)接(jie)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商和(he)(he)(he)直(zhi)接(jie)客户(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客户(hu)包含在(zai)内(nei)，左右这(zhei)些成员均参(can)与(yu)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)、服务(wu)、资金(jin)和(he)(he)(he)信息往(wang)上(shang)(shang)游和(he)(he)(he)下游的(de)(de)(de)(de)流动(dong)(dong)过(guo)(guo)(guo)程。（3）终(zhong)端型供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)：包括参(can)与(yu)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)、服务(wu)、资金(jin)、信息从(cong)终(zhong)端供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商到(dao)终(zhong)端消费(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有往(wang)上(shang)(shang)游和(he)(he)(he)下游的(de)(de)(de)(de)流动(dong)(dong)过(guo)(guo)(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有组(zu)织。供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)管理需要进行供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商管理，以建立稳定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)关系。

推(tui)拉(la)结合的供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)：推(tui)动(dong)(dong)式（供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)上游供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商一端是以(yi)预测驱动(dong)(dong)的生产和(he)(he)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)）和(he)(he)拉(la)动(dong)(dong)式（以(yi)客(ke)(ke)(ke)户需(xu)求驱动(dong)(dong)）。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)的运行(xing)机(ji)制(zhi)：1.合作(zuo)机(ji)制(zhi)（体现了战略合作(zuo)伙伴关系和(he)(he)企业(ye)内外资源(yuan)的集成(cheng)(cheng)与优化利(li)用(yong)。基(ji)(ji)于时(shi)间(jian)的竞争和(he)(he)价(jia)(jia)值(zhi)链(lian)(lian)及(ji)价(jia)(jia)值(zhi)让渡系统管理(li)或基(ji)(ji)于价(jia)(jia)值(zhi)的供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)）；2.决(jue)策机(ji)制(zhi)（基(ji)(ji)于互联网/物(wu)(wu)联网的开(kai)放性(xing)信息环境下的群体决(jue)策模式）；3.激(ji)励机(ji)制(zhi)；4.自律机(ji)制(zhi)；5.风险(xian)机(ji)制(zhi)；6.信任机(ji)制(zhi)基(ji)(ji)于供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)的扩展企业(ye)模型(xing)：“X”模型(xing)，将供(gong)(gong)应(ying)、生产、分销有机(ji)结合，考(kao)虑产品与制(zhi)造设(she)计工(gong)作(zuo)和(he)(he)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商、分销商甚至顾客(ke)(ke)(ke)。实现信息共享和(he)(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)。集成(cheng)(cheng)化供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)理(li)论模型(xing)：由(you)顾客(ke)(ke)(ke)化需(xu)求-集成(cheng)(cheng)计划-业(ye)务流(liu)程(cheng)重组(zu)-面向对象的过程(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)（作(zuo)业(ye)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)）；由(you)顾客(ke)(ke)(ke)化策略-信息共享-调(diao)整(zheng)适应(ying)性(xing)-创造性(xing)团(tuan)队(dui)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)第二个回(hui)(hui)路(lu)（策略回(hui)(hui)路(lu)）；在(zai)作(zuo)业(ye)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)的每个作(zuo)业(ye)形成(cheng)(cheng)各种相应(ying)的作(zuo)业(ye)性(xing)能(neng)评价(jia)(jia)与提高(gao)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)（性(xing)能(neng)评价(jia)(jia)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)）。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)要进行(xing)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)管理(li)，以(yi)实现物(wu)(wu)流(liu)效率和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)控(kong)制(zhi)。潮(chao)州物(wu)(wu)流(liu)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)公司

供应(ying)链(lian)管理需要考虑供应(ying)链(lian)可视化，如实时监控(kong)供应(ying)链(lian)各(ge)环节的状态(tai)和(he)数据(ju)，提高决策效率和(he)反(fan)应(ying)速度。江门一站式(shi)供应(ying)链(lian)服务公(gong)司

当供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各节点企(qi)业(ye)只根据来自(zi)相邻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下游(you)企(qi)业(ye)（一(yi)(yi)(yi)般称(cheng)为顾客和(he)(he)(he)买方）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)做出(chu)生产和(he)(he)(he)供(gong)给决(jue)(jue)策(ce)时，需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不真(zhen)实(shi)性(xing)(xing)会沿着供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)逆流(liu)而上，使订(ding)(ding)货量(liang)(liang)逐级(ji)放大(da)(da)(da)(da)，到达(da)源头供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)商时，其获(huo)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)市(shi)场(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)实(shi)际顾客需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)发生了很大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏差，需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭(niu)曲(qu)将实(shi)际需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)(liang)放大(da)(da)(da)(da)。原因：1、需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)预测(ce)修正：指(zhi)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)员(yuan)采用(yong)其直接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下游(you)订(ding)(ding)货数据作(zuo)为市(shi)场(chang)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)信(xin)(xin)号时，即需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)放大(da)(da)(da)(da)；2、订(ding)(ding)货批量(liang)(liang)决(jue)(jue)策(ce)：指(zhi)周期性(xing)(xing)订(ding)(ding)货决(jue)(jue)策(ce)或者(zhe)订(ding)(ding)单推动(dong)；3、价(jia)格波动(dong)：反映了一(yi)(yi)(yi)种商业(ye)行为，它是由于一(yi)(yi)(yi)些促销手段造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如价(jia)格折扣(kou)、数量(liang)(liang)折扣(kou)、赠票等；4、短(duan)缺博弈：是一(yi)(yi)(yi)种现(xian)象，当需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)时，理(li)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)决(jue)(jue)策(ce)是按照用(yong)户的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)订(ding)(ding)货量(liang)(liang)比例分(fen)配现(xian)有库(ku)存供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)量(liang)(liang)。此时用(yong)户就为了获(huo)得(de)更大(da)(da)(da)(da)份额的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配给量(liang)(liang)，故意地夸大(da)(da)(da)(da)其订(ding)(ding)货需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，当需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)降(jiang)温时，订(ding)(ding)货又突(tu)然(ran)消失。方法：1.提(ti)高(gao)(gao)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)共享；2.科(ke)学确(que)定定价(jia)决(jue)(jue)策(ce)；3.提(ti)高(gao)(gao)运营管理(li)水平，缩短(duan)提(ti)前期；4.提(ti)高(gao)(gao)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)透明度(du)；5.建立战略性(xing)(xing)合作(zuo)伙伴(ban)。江门一(yi)(yi)(yi)站式(shi)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)服务公(gong)司

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