视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)发(fa)展历(li)史：视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)由实时(shi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)、监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)视(shi)(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)及管理(li)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)组成。实时(shi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)完成实时(shi)数(shu)(shu)据(ju)采集处理(li)、存储、反(fan)馈的(de)(de)功能(neng)；监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)视(shi)(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)完成对各个监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)点(dian)的(de)(de)全天候的(de)(de)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)视(shi)(shi)(shi)，能(neng)在多操作控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)点(dian)上(shang)切换多路图像；管理(li)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)完成各类所(suo)需信(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)采集、接收、传(chuan)输、加工、处理(li)，是(shi)整个系(xi)(xi)统(tong)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)主要。视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)是(shi)安全防范系(xi)(xi)统(tong)的(de)(de)组成部分，它是(shi)一种防范能(neng)力较强的(de)(de)综合系(xi)(xi)统(tong)。视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)以其直观、方便(bian)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)内(nei)容丰(feng)富而普(pu)遍应用于许多场合。视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)发(fa)展了(le)短短二十几年(nian)(nian)时(shi)间，从19世代80年(nian)(nian)代模拟(ni)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)到火(huo)热数(shu)(shu)字监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)再到方兴未艾网(wang)(wang)络视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)，发(fa)生(sheng)了(le)翻(fan)天覆地变化。在IP技术逐步统(tong)一全球现在，我们有必要重(zhong)新认识视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)发(fa)展历(li)史。从技术角(jiao)度出发(fa)，视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)发(fa)展划分为初代模拟(ni)视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)（CCTV），到第(di)(di)二代基于“PC+多媒体卡(ka)”数(shu)(shu)字视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)（DVR），到第(di)(di)三代完全基于IP网(wang)(wang)络视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)（IPVS）。模拟(ni)摄(she)像机(ji)(ji)通(tong)过模拟(ni)信(xin)(xin)号传(chuan)输图像，而网(wang)(wang)络摄(she)像机(ji)(ji)通(tong)过网(wang)(wang)络传(chuan)输数(shu)(shu)字信(xin)(xin)号。小区视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)安装方案

视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)：基(ji)于网络(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系统基(ji)本(ben)上采用中(zhong)心录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)服务(wu)器来(lai)存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)。中(zhong)心录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)服务(wu)器管理(li)方(fang)便，安(an)全(quan)(quan)可(ke)(ke)靠，但(dan)因为(wei)录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)随时进行，数据(ju)流量大(da)(da)，对承载网带来(lai)很大(da)(da)压(ya)力(li)(li)。如(ru)果将录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)边缘化，虽然(ran)可(ke)(ke)以减(jian)(jian)少(shao)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)数量，缓减(jian)(jian)承载网压(ya)力(li)(li)，但(dan)分(fen)散的(de)(de)(de)(de)录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)数据(ju)将给录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)带来(lai)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)麻烦(fan)，录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)数据(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)性也将很大(da)(da)程度上降低。由此可(ke)(ke)见，未(wei)来(lai)大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)需(xu)求发生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)不可(ke)(ke)能(neng)由中(zhong)心统一存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)来(lai)承担，而大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)布式、差异性存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)却没有可(ke)(ke)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)技术(shu)方(fang)案(an)。未(wei)来(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系统要在录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)存(cun)储(chu)(chu)(chu)方(fang)面进行合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)结构设计，才能(neng)满足实(shi)际的(de)(de)(de)(de)录(lu)(lu)像(xiang)要求。东莞南(nan)城街道无(wu)线视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方(fang)案(an)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)可(ke)(ke)以实(shi)时监(jian)(jian)测交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)流量、车辆(liang)违法(fa)行为(wei)等情况，及时采取措施疏导(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)，减(jian)(jian)少(shao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)事(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)(de)发生(sheng)。

为(wei)了解(jie)决监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)干扰(rao)(rao)问题(ti)，我们可(ke)(ke)(ke)以采(cai)取(qu)加强监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)加密技(ji)术(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方案。首先，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以引入(ru)先进(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加密算法(fa)，如AES（Advanced Encryption Standard）等(deng)，对监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)加密处(chu)理(li)。这样(yang)，即(ji)使被(bei)坏人成(cheng)功(gong)获取(qu)了监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)，也(ye)无(wu)法(fa)查看视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)内容(rong)，从而(er)保证监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全性。其次，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)频(pin)(pin)谱扩(kuo)展技(ji)术(shu)(shu)，将(jiang)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)扩(kuo)展到更宽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)频(pin)(pin)带(dai)(dai)上进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)传输。这样(yang)，即(ji)使坏人使用(yong)干扰(rao)(rao)设(she)(she)备对特(te)定频(pin)(pin)段进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)干扰(rao)(rao)，也(ye)无(wu)法(fa)影(ying)(ying)响到整个(ge)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)传输。频(pin)(pin)谱扩(kuo)展技(ji)术(shu)(shu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以通过将(jiang)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)与伪随(sui)机噪声序列进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)乘积运算，将(jiang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)频(pin)(pin)谱分散(san)到更宽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)频(pin)(pin)带(dai)(dai)上，从而(er)提高信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗干扰(rao)(rao)能力(li)。此外，还(hai)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)数(shu)字(zi)水印技(ji)术(shu)(shu)对监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)标记。数(shu)字(zi)水印是一种在视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)中(zhong)嵌入(ru)特(te)定信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)术(shu)(shu)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以在不影(ying)(ying)响视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)质量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情况下，将(jiang)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)与特(te)定设(she)(she)备进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)绑定。当(dang)监(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)视(shi)(shi)频(pin)(pin)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)号(hao)收受到干扰(rao)(rao)时(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以通过检测数(shu)字(zi)水印是否(fou)(fou)存在或被(bei)修改来判断是否(fou)(fou)遭受干扰(rao)(rao)，从而(er)及时(shi)采(cai)取(qu)相应的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防护措施。

视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)统在视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)分(fen)发(fa)方面(mian)普遍处(chu)理得(de)比较(jiao)(jiao)简单，一般采用用户(hu)直接对网(wang)络摄像(xiang)机进行(xing)访问(wen)(wen)，或通过视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)服(fu)务(wu)(wu)器进行(xing)简单的(de)(de)媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)转发(fa)处(chu)理，而面(mian)对越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)庞(pang)大的(de)(de)用户(hu)群，这种媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)传送(song)方式(shi)将会(hui)成(cheng)为图(tu)像(xiang)传输的(de)(de)瓶(ping)颈。是否具备高效(xiao)的(de)(de)媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)发(fa)机制(zhi)将成(cheng)为判(pan)断视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)统优劣的(de)(de)一项重(zhong)要指标。实(shi)际上，媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)发(fa)是任(ren)何一个(ge)视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)业务(wu)(wu)在发(fa)展到一定(ding)规模后必(bi)将面(mian)临的(de)(de)问(wen)(wen)题(ti)，视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)可(ke)以与(yu)其他视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)业务(wu)(wu)——比如IPTV——来(lai)共(gong)同研究(jiu)视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)分(fen)发(fa)的(de)(de)问(wen)(wen)题(ti)。未来(lai)的(de)(de)视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)统将会(hui)基于(yu)一个(ge)比较(jiao)(jiao)完(wan)善的(de)(de)媒(mei)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)发(fa)平(ping)台来(lai)传输实(shi)时视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)信息与(yu)录像(xiang)视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)信息。通过视(shi)(shi)(shi)频(pin)监(jian)(jian)控(kong)，可(ke)以实(shi)时监(jian)(jian)控(kong)和(he)记录特定(ding)区域的(de)(de)活动，及时发(fa)现和(he)应对各种安全问(wen)(wen)题(ti)。

视(shi)频(pin)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)是一(yi)种(zhong)通(tong)过(guo)(guo)摄(she)像(xiang)(xiang)机(ji)等(deng)设(she)备采集、传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)和(he)存储图(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)视(shi)频(pin)数(shu)据，用于实时监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)记录特(te)定(ding)区域(yu)活动(dong)的技术(shu)。它在(zai)各个(ge)领(ling)域(yu)得到(dao)(dao)普遍应用，如公(gong)共(gong)安全、交(jiao)通(tong)管理、工(gong)业(ye)生产等(deng)。视(shi)频(pin)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系统的基本原理是通(tong)过(guo)(guo)摄(she)像(xiang)(xiang)机(ji)采集图(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)视(shi)频(pin)数(shu)据，然后将其传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)到(dao)(dao)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)中心或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)存储设(she)备进(jin)行处理和(he)存储。摄(she)像(xiang)(xiang)机(ji)通(tong)常采用CCD或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)CMOS传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器来(lai)转换光(guang)信(xin)号为电信(xin)号，并(bing)经(jing)过(guo)(guo)图(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)处理芯(xin)片进(jin)行数(shu)字化处理。传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)方(fang)式可(ke)以(yi)是有线(xian)(xian)(xian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)无(wu)线(xian)(xian)(xian)，有线(xian)(xian)(xian)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)通(tong)常使用网线(xian)(xian)(xian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)同轴电缆(lan)，无(wu)线(xian)(xian)(xian)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)则使用无(wu)线(xian)(xian)(xian)网络或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)蓝牙技术(shu)。视(shi)频(pin)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)是一(yi)种(zhong)通(tong)过(guo)(guo)摄(she)像(xiang)(xiang)机(ji)捕捉实时图(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)。并(bing)通(tong)过(guo)(guo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)输(shu)和(he)存储技术(shu)将图(tu)(tu)像(xiang)(xiang)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)送到(dao)(dao)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)中心的系统。小区视(shi)频(pin)监(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)安装方(fang)案

地铁、火车站、机(ji)场(chang)等(deng)地方(fang)(fang)安装了大(da)量的摄(she)像机(ji)，可以监(jian)控乘客(ke)的行(xing)为，及时发(fa)现(xian)和(he)应对各种安全问题。小区视(shi)频监(jian)控安装方(fang)(fang)案(an)

视(shi)(shi)频监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)的(de)(de)主要功能：1、当(dang)上(shang)网(wang)(wang)人员在网(wang)(wang)吧(ba)(ba)服务台(tai)出示身(shen)份(fen)证登记上(shang)网(wang)(wang)时(shi)，系统能自动(dong)将上(shang)网(wang)(wang)者(zhe)拍(pai)照，和上(shang)网(wang)(wang)人员相应的(de)(de)上(shang)网(wang)(wang)卡信(xin)息传至公(gong)安(an)机关监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心服务器保(bao)存。2 、随时(shi)随地的(de)(de)监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)录(lu)像功能，无论身(shen)在何处，任何密码授权的(de)(de)用户(hu)通过(guo)身(shen)边的(de)(de)电脑联网(wang)(wang)连接(jie)到(dao)监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)网(wang)(wang)点，可(ke)以看到(dao)任意(yi)监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)网(wang)(wang)点的(de)(de)即(ji)时(shi)图(tu)像并根据需(xu)要录(lu)像，避免了地理(li)(li)位置间(jian)隔原因造成(cheng)监(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)不便。3 、系统可(ke)扩容(rong)性(xing)强(qiang)，若需(xu)要添加(jia)新的(de)(de)监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)网(wang)(wang)点，在服务器端(duan)添加(jia)相应网(wang)(wang)吧(ba)(ba)信(xin)息和设备信(xin)息即(ji)可(ke)。4、安(an)全(quan)性(xing)高，图(tu)像掩码技术，防止非法篡(cuan)改(gai)录(lu)像资料(liao)；只有授权用户(hu)才可(ke)以进行(xing)录(lu)像备份(fen)，有效(xiao)防止恶(e)意(yi)破坏；强(qiang)大日志管理(li)(li)功能，保(bao)证了专(zhuan)门(men)的(de)(de)系统的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)使用。服务器端(duan)和客户(hu)端(duan)之间(jian)所传输(shu)的(de)(de)数据，全(quan)部经过(guo)加(jia)密。小区视(shi)(shi)频监(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)安(an)装方案

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