供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)如何运(yun)作(zuo)？尽管供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)非常复杂，但(dan)只需五个步(bu)骤。以(yi)下(xia)是这(zhei)些步(bu)骤及其(qi)工作(zuo)原理(li)(li)。1、计划，供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)策(ce)略(lve)性(xing)部分(fen)(fen)，公司需要(yao)有(you)一(yi)(yi)个好的(de)(de)策(ce)略(lve)对现有(you)的(de)(de)资(zi)源进行整合(he)管理(li)(li)，及时向客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)户提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)符合(he)其(qi)要(yao)求产(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)同时削(xue)减成(cheng)本(ben)。2、采购，选(xuan)择供(gong)(gong)应商时对其(qi)进行资(zi)质审查，与供(gong)(gong)应商建立一(yi)(yi)套定价(jia)(jia)、配(pei)(pei)送(song)和付(fu)款流(liu)(liu)程，并(bing)针对采购业务多(duo)样化(hua)的(de)(de)特点灵(ling)活变通，与供(gong)(gong)应商提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)货品(pin)(pin)与服务的(de)(de)管理(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)程相结合(he)。3、制造(zao)，对产(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)产(chan)过程、生(sheng)产(chan)周期、物料领(ling)用(yong)、生(sheng)产(chan)进度(du)和反馈等环节(jie)进行控制，降低运(yun)营成(cheng)本(ben)，缩短交货时间、减少(shao)库存，通过设备的(de)(de)有(you)效运(yun)用(yong)提(ti)(ti)收(shou)(shou)益性(xing)。4、配(pei)(pei)送(song)，配(pei)(pei)送(song)，部分(fen)(fen)人(ren)也称之为“物流(liu)(liu)”，是调整用(yong)户的(de)(de)定单(dan)收(shou)(shou)据(ju)、建立仓库网络、派(pai)递(di)送(song)人(ren)员提(ti)(ti)货并(bing)送(song)货到(dao)顾客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)手中、建立商品(pin)(pin)计价(jia)(jia)系统、接收(shou)(shou)付(fu)款。5、退货，属于(yu)供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)中的(de)(de)问题处(chu)理(li)(li)部分(fen)(fen)。为客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)户退回的(de)(de)次品(pin)(pin)和多(duo)余产(chan)品(pin)(pin)建立一(yi)(yi)个专门的(de)(de)网络，并(bing)在客(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)户应用(yong)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)途中产(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)问题给予支持(chi)帮助(zhu)。供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)管理(li)(li)需要(yao)进行战略(lve)管理(li)(li)，以(yi)制定长远发(fa)展规(gui)划和应对市(shi)场变化(hua)。佛(fo)山物流(liu)(liu)供(gong)(gong)应链(lian)外(wai)包公司需要(yao)多(duo)少(shao)钱(qian)

高效的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链可(ke)以(yi)帮助改善沟通(tong)(tong)，因为它可(ke)以(yi)帮助公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)更(geng)有效地协调其活(huo)动。通(tong)(tong)过(guo)对材料如何流经供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链制(zhi)定(ding)明确(que)的(de)(de)(de)计划，公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)可(ke)以(yi)避免(mian)任何可(ke)能影响沟通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)中断。此外(wai)，使用(yong)技(ji)术跟踪货(huo)物(wu)和监控库存水平可(ke)以(yi)帮助确(que)保(bao)材料在需要时可(ke)用(yong)，并确(que)保(bao)产品按时交付(fu)。总体而(er)言，有效的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链管理(li)系统(tong)有助于公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)所(suo)有成(cheng)员之间更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)沟通(tong)(tong)。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链管理(li)不单单是(shi)将产品从A点送到B点。这也是(shi)为了在此过(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中提(ti)供(gong)(gong)上好的(de)(de)(de)客(ke)户(hu)服务。通(tong)(tong)过(guo)了解和管理(li)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链中的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)个步(bu)骤，公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)可(ke)以(yi)确(que)保(bao)他们的(de)(de)(de)客(ke)户(hu)始终对他们收(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)产品和服务感到满(man)意。茂名服装供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链服务公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)流程(cheng)(cheng)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链管理(li)需要进行市场营销管理(li)，以(yi)提(ti)高品牌知市场占有率。

在经(jing)济(ji)全球(qiu)化(hua)(hua)日(ri)益激烈的(de)如今(jin)，商业竞(jing)(jing)争(zheng)已经(jing)逐渐从公司(si)与(yu)公司(si)之间的(de)竞(jing)(jing)争(zheng)转向了供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)与(yu)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)之间的(de)竞(jing)(jing)争(zheng)，供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管理(li)的(de)智(zhi)能化(hua)(hua)水平和自动(dong)化(hua)(hua)效率已经(jing)成为(wei)获得(de)商业成功的(de)决定性因素之一。采购把东西买进来(lai)，生(sheng)产运(yun)营(ying)来(lai)增(zeng)值，物流(liu)(liu)配送递交给客户计划作为(wei)关键职(zhi)能，指导采购、运(yun)营(ying)和物流(liu)(liu)等，形成供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)，计划是(shi)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)驱(qu)动(dong)器——绩效貌似(si)执行的(de)结果，其实是(shi)计划出来(lai)的(de)供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)由来(lai)；从产业层面看，供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)是(shi)商品社(she)会运(yun)转的(de)本(ben)质结构和基础设(she)施，近年来(lai)伴随日(ri)益普及的(de)经(jing)济(ji)全球(qiu)化(hua)(hua)以(yi)及国家战略层面的(de)供(gong)给侧变革，供(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管理(li)呈现明显而迫(po)切的(de)智(zhi)能化(hua)(hua)趋势(shi)。

供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)指围(wei)绕关键企(qi)业，从配套零件开(kai)始(shi)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)间(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)以(yi)及产(chan)品(pin)(pin)，由销(xiao)售网(wang)络(luo)把产(chan)品(pin)(pin)送到(dao)消(xiao)费者手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)、将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商(shang)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)，分(fen)销(xiao)商(shang)直到(dao)用户(hu)(hu)连成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)个整(zheng)体的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能网(wang)链(lian)(lian)(lian)结(jie)构。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)经营理念是(shi)从消(xiao)费者的(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)，通(tong)过(guo)企(qi)业间(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)协作，谋求(qiu)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)整(zheng)体佳化。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理能够协调并整(zheng)合供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活动(dong)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)(wei)无缝(feng)连接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)体化过(guo)程(cheng)。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)概念是(shi)从扩(kuo)大(da)生产(chan)概念发展(zhan)来(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)企(qi)业的(de)(de)(de)(de)生产(chan)活动(dong)进行(xing)了前(qian)伸和后(hou)延(yan)。日(ri)本丰田公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)精益协作方式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)活动(dong)视为(wei)(wei)生产(chan)活动(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)机组成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)而(er)加以(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和协调。哈理森（Harrison）将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)定义为(wei)(wei)：“供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)执行(xing)采(cai)购原材(cai)料，将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)它们转换为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)间(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(pin)，并且将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(pin)销(xiao)售到(dao)用户(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能网(wang)链(lian)(lian)(lian)。”美国的(de)(de)(de)(de)史蒂(di)文斯（Stevens）认(ren)为(wei)(wei)：“通(tong)过(guo)增值过(guo)程(cheng)和分(fen)销(xiao)渠道控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)从供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商(shang)到(dao)用户(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)就是(shi)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)，它开(kai)始(shi)于供(gong)(gong)应(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)点，结(jie)束于消(xiao)费的(de)(de)(de)(de)终点。”因(yin)此，供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)就是(shi)通(tong)过(guo)计划（Plan）、获得（Obtain）、存储（Store）、分(fen)销(xiao)（Distribute）、服务（Serve）等(deng)这样一(yi)些活动(dong)而(er)在顾(gu)客和供(gong)(gong)应(ying)商(shang)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)种(zhong)衔接(jie)(jie)（Interface），从而(er)使企(qi)业能满足内(nei)外部(bu)顾(gu)客的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理需要考(kao)虑供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)效率(lv)管理，如优(you)化供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)流(liu)程(cheng)、提高(gao)生产(chan)效率(lv)等(deng)，提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)效率(lv)和降低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本。

供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)是一个(ge)(ge)包含(han)原料(liao)供(gong)(gong)货商(shang)、供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、仓储(chu)商(shang)、运输商(shang)、分销商(shang)、零售商(shang)以及(ji)终端客户(hu)等(deng)多个(ge)(ge)主体(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)统(tong)。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)是指围(wei)绕关(guan)键企业，从配(pei)套零件开始(shi)，制成(cheng)中间产品(pin)以及(ji)产品(pin)，还(hai)有就(jiu)是由(you)销售网络把产品(pin)送到(dao)消费者(zhe)手中的(de)(de)(de)(de)，将(jiang)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、分销商(shang)直到(dao)用户(hu)连成(cheng)一个(ge)(ge)整(zheng)(zheng)体(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能网链(lian)(lian)(lian)结构。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)经营理(li)(li)念是从消费者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度，通过企业间的(de)(de)(de)(de)协(xie)作(zuo)，谋求供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)整(zheng)(zheng)体(ti)佳化。成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)能够协(xie)调并整(zheng)(zheng)合供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)中所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)活动，成(cheng)为无缝连接的(de)(de)(de)(de)一体(ti)化过程(cheng)(cheng)。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)需要考虑供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)风险(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)，如建立风险(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)体(ti)系(xi)、制定应(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)预案等(deng)，提高供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)风险(xian)(xian)管理(li)(li)能力。汕头一站式供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)服务公司流程(cheng)(cheng)

供应链(lian)管理需要建(jian)立有效的信息系统，以实现信息共享(xiang)和协(xie)调(diao)。佛(fo)山物(wu)流供应链(lian)外包公司(si)需要多少钱(qian)

我们(men)可(ke)以把供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)描绘(hui)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)棵枝叶茂盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)树(shu)(shu)：生(sheng)产企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)构成(cheng)树(shu)(shu)根(gen)；代(dai)理商(shang)则是(shi)(shi)主干；分销商(shang)是(shi)(shi)树(shu)(shu)枝和树(shu)(shu)梢；满树(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)绿(lv)叶红(hong)花是(shi)(shi)用户；在根(gen)与(yu)(yu)主干、枝与(yu)(yu)干的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)个(ge)(ge)个(ge)(ge)结点(dian)，蕴藏(zang)着(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次次的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)通，遍(bian)体相通的(de)(de)(de)(de)脉络便是(shi)(shi)信息管理系(xi)统。供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)上各(ge)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)关(guan)(guan)系(xi)与(yu)(yu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)学中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)类似。在“草—兔(tu)子(zi)(zi)—狼—狮(shi)子(zi)(zi)”这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)样一(yi)(yi)(yi)个(ge)(ge)简单的(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)（为便于论述，假(jia)设在这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)然环境中(zhong)只生(sheng)存(cun)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)四种(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)），如果我们(men)把兔(tu)子(zi)(zi)全(quan)部(bu)杀(sha)掉，那么草就会(hui)疯长起来，狼也会(hui)因(yin)兔(tu)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)灭(mie)绝而(er)饿(e)死，连(lian)厉害的(de)(de)(de)(de)狮(shi)子(zi)(zi)也会(hui)因(yin)狼的(de)(de)(de)(de)死亡而(er)慢(man)慢(man)饿(e)死。可(ke)见，食(shi)物(wu)(wu)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)种(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)间是(shi)(shi)相互依存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，破坏食(shi)物(wu)(wu)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)任何(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)种(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，势(shi)必导致这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)条食(shi)物(wu)(wu)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)失(shi)去平衡(heng)，破坏人(ren)类赖以生(sheng)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)态环境。同样道(dao)理，在供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)“企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)A—企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B—企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)C”中(zhong)，企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)A是(shi)(shi)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)料(liao)供(gong)应(ying)商(shang)，企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)C是(shi)(shi)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B的(de)(de)(de)(de)产品(pin)(pin)销售(shou)商(shang)。如果企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B忽视(shi)了供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)各(ge)要素的(de)(de)(de)(de)相互依存(cun)关(guan)(guan)系(xi)，而(er)过分注重自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)内部(bu)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，生(sheng)产产品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力不(bu)(bu)断提高，但如果企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)A不(bu)(bu)能及时向他提供(gong)生(sheng)产原材(cai)料(liao)，或者(zhe)企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)C的(de)(de)(de)(de)销售(shou)能力跟不(bu)(bu)上企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B产品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)产能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，那么我们(men)可(ke)以得出这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)样的(de)(de)(de)(de)结论：企(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)B生(sheng)产力的(de)(de)(de)(de)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)(bu)适应(ying)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)条供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整体效率。注：“价值链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”，它与(yu)(yu)供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)个(ge)(ge)观念。佛山物(wu)(wu)流(liu)供(gong)应(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)外包公(gong)司(si)需(xu)要多(duo)少钱(qian)

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