3、总(zong)结(jie)参数(shu)测(ce)量法(fa)是一种实用、新(xin)型的(de)液压系统故障(zhang)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)方法(fa)，它与逻(luo)辑分(fen)析法(fa)相结(jie)合(he)， 提(ti)高了(le)(le)故障(zhang)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)的(de)快速性(xing)(xing)和准确(que)性(xing)(xing)。首(shou)先这种测(ce)量是定(ding)量的(de)，这就(jiu)避(bi)免了(le)(le)个人(ren)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)的(de)盲目性(xing)(xing)和经(jing)验性(xing)(xing)，诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)结(jie)果(guo)符(fu)合(he)实际。其次故障(zhang)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)速度快，经(jing)过(guo)几秒到几十秒即可测(ce)得系统的(de)准确(que)参数(shu)，再(zai)经(jing)维(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)员(yuan)简(jian)单的(de)分(fen)析判断(duan)即得到诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)结(jie)果(guo)。再(zai)者此法(fa)较传统故障(zhang)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)法(fa)降低系统装拆(chai)工作量一半以(yi)上。此故障(zhang)诊(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)断(duan)检测(ce)回路具有以(yi)下功能：（1）能直接测(ce)量并直观显示液流流量、压力和温度，并能间接测(ce)量泵、马达转速。从而提(ti)高了(le)(le)缸筒内壁(bi)的(de)耐磨性(xing)(xing)，同时避(bi)免了(le)(le)因磨削引起的(de)烧伤。中国澳门油缸咨询报价

参数测(ce)量(liang)方(fang)法第(di)1步(bu)：测(ce)压力，首先(xian)将(jiang)检(jian)测(ce)回(hui)路的软管(guan)接头(tou)与双球(qiu)阀(fa)(fa)三通(tong)(tong)螺纹接口(kou)旋紧接通(tong)(tong)。打(da)开(kai)球(qiu)阀(fa)(fa)2，关死溢(yi)流(liu)(liu)阀(fa)(fa)3，切断回(hui)油(you)(you)通(tong)(tong)道，这时从压力表(biao)上可(ke)直接读出(chu)(chu)所(suo)测(ce)点(dian)的压力值（为(wei)(wei)系统的实(shi)际工(gong)作压力）。第(di)2步(bu)：测(ce)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)和(he)温(wen)度(du)(du)——慢慢松(song)开(kai)溢(yi)流(liu)(liu)阀(fa)(fa)7手柄，再关闭球(qiu)阀(fa)(fa)1。重新调整溢(yi)流(liu)(liu)阀(fa)(fa)7，使压力表(biao)4读数为(wei)(wei)所(suo)测(ce)压力值，此时流(liu)(liu)量(liang)计(ji)5读数即为(wei)(wei)所(suo)测(ce)点(dian)的实(shi)际流(liu)(liu)量(liang)值。同时温(wen)度(du)(du)计(ji)6上可(ke)显(xian)示出(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)液温(wen)度(du)(du)值。第(di)3步(bu)：测(ce)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)（速(su)(su)度(du)(du)）——不(bu)论泵(beng)、马达(da)(da)或缸(gang)其转(zhuan)速(su)(su)或速(su)(su)度(du)(du) 取决于两个因(yin)素，即流(liu)(liu)量(liang)和(he)它本身的几何尺寸（排量(liang)或面积），所(suo)以只要(yao)测(ce)出(chu)(chu)马达(da)(da)或缸(gang)的输出(chu)(chu)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)（对泵(beng)为(wei)(wei)输入流(liu)(liu)量(liang)），除以其排量(liang)或面积即得到转(zhuan)速(su)(su)或速(su)(su)度(du)(du)值。龙岩油(you)(you)缸(gang)咨询报(bao)价(jia)在供油(you)(you)量(liang)相同时，不(bu)同腔进油(you)(you)，活塞的运动速(su)(su)度(du)(du)不(bu)同；

，从动力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)源——泵的(de)(de)(de)(de)方面(mian)来考虑，考虑到执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)器工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)状况的(de)(de)(de)(de)多样(yang)化，有(you)时(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)需(xu)要(yao)大流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，低(di)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；有(you)时(shi)(shi)又需(xu)要(yao)小流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，高(gao)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。所以选择(ze)限压(ya)(ya)式变量(liang)(liang)(liang)泵为宜，因为这(zhei)(zhei)种类(lei)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)泵的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)随系(xi)(xi)统(tong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)变化而变化。当系(xi)(xi)统(tong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)降低(di)时(shi)(shi)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)较(jiao)(jiao)大，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)满(man)足(zu)执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)行(xing)(xing)程。当系(xi)(xi)统(tong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)提(ti)高(gao)时(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)又相应减小，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)满(man)足(zu)执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)行(xing)(xing)程。这(zhei)(zhei)样(yang)既能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)满(man)足(zu)执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)求(qiu)，又能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)使功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)消耗比(bi)(bi)较(jiao)(jiao)合理。第二，液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)油流(liu)(liu)(liu)经各类(lei)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)阀(fa)时(shi)(shi)不(bu)可(ke)避(bi)免的(de)(de)(de)(de)存在着(zhe)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)损失(shi)和流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)损失(shi)，这(zhei)(zhei)一部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)损失(shi)在全部能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)损失(shi)中(zhong)占有(you)较(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)。因此，合理选择(ze)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)器，调(diao)整压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)阀(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也是降低(di)功率损失(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一个重(zhong)要(yao)方面(mian)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)阀(fa)按(an)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)中(zhong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)调(diao)节(jie)范围选取并保(bao)证其 小稳(wen)定流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)满(man)足(zu)使用(yong)要(yao)求(qiu)，压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)阀(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在满(man)足(zu)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)设备正常工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)况下(xia)，尽量(liang)(liang)(liang)取较(jiao)(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。[6]

伸缩(suo)(suo)缸(gang)(gang)可实(shi)(shi)现较(jiao)长的(de)行(xing)(xing)程，而缩(suo)(suo)回(hui)时长度(du)较(jiao)短，结构较(jiao)为紧凑。伸缩(suo)(suo)式液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)具有(you)(you)二级或多级活塞(sai)(sai)，伸缩(suo)(suo)式液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)中活塞(sai)(sai)伸出的(de)顺序(xu)式从大(da)到小，而空载缩(suo)(suo)回(hui)的(de)顺序(xu)则从小到大(da)。柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)重量往(wang)往(wang)较(jiao)大(da)，水平放置(zhi)时容易因自重而下垂，造(zao)成密封件和导向单边磨(mo)损(sun)，故其(qi)垂直使(shi)用(yong)更(geng)有(you)(you)利。工作时柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)总受(shou)压(ya)(ya)(ya)，因而它必须(xu)有(you)(you)足够(gou)的(de)刚度(du)；柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)只靠缸(gang)(gang)套(tao)支承而不与缸(gang)(gang)套(tao)接触，这样缸(gang)(gang)套(tao)极易加工，故适(shi)于(yu)做长行(xing)(xing)程液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)；柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)式液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)是一种单作用(yong)式液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)，靠液压(ya)(ya)(ya)力只能实(shi)(shi)现一个方向的(de)运动(dong)，柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)回(hui)程要靠其(qi)它外力或柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)的(de)自重；摆(bai)动(dong)式液压(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)(gang)是输出扭矩(ju)并实(shi)(shi)现往(wang)复运动(dong)的(de)执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)元件，有(you)(you)单叶(ye)片、双叶(ye)片、螺旋摆(bai)动(dong)等几种形(xing)式。

液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用为通(tong)过改变压(ya)(ya)(ya)强增大作(zuo)用力。一个(ge)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)五个(ge)部分组成，即动(dong)(dong)(dong)力元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)、执行元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)、控(kong)制(zhi)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)、辅助元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)（附件(jian)）和液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)油。液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)可分为两类：液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)传(chuan)(chuan)动(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)传(chuan)(chuan)动(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以传(chuan)(chuan)递动(dong)(dong)(dong)力和运动(dong)(dong)(dong)为主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)功能(neng)。液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)则要(yao)使(shi)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)输出满(man)足特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)要(yao)求（特别是(shi)(shi)动(dong)(dong)(dong)态性能(neng)）[1]，通(tong)常所说(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)指(zhi)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)传(chuan)(chuan)动(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。动(dong)(dong)(dong)力元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)动(dong)(dong)(dong)力元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用是(shi)(shi)将原动(dong)(dong)(dong)机的(de)(de)(de)(de)机械能(neng)转换(huan)成液(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)力能(neng)，指(zhi)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)油泵(beng)，它向整(zheng)个(ge)液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提(ti)供动(dong)(dong)(dong)力。液(ye)(ye)压(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)结(jie)构形(xing)式一般(ban)有齿轮泵(beng)、叶(ye)片泵(beng)、柱塞泵(beng)和螺杆泵(beng)。油缸(gang)是(shi)(shi)工程机械 主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)部件(jian)，传(chuan)(chuan)统(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)：拉削(xue)缸(gang)体(ti)(ti)(ti)——精镗(tang)缸(gang)体(ti)(ti)(ti)——磨削(xue)缸(gang)体(ti)(ti)(ti)。江西伺服油缸(gang)

用它(ta)来实现往复(fu)运(yun)动时，可免去减(jian)速装置。中国澳门油缸咨询报价

（4）液压(ya)(ya)系统中(zhong)进入空气。主要是(shi)因为(wei)系统中(zhong)有泄漏发生。此(ci)时(shi)应(ying)(ying)(ying)检查液压(ya)(ya)油箱的液位，液压(ya)(ya)泵吸(xi)油侧(ce)的密封件和管接头，吸(xi)油粗(cu)(cu)滤器是(shi)否太脏。若如此(ci)，应(ying)(ying)(ying)补(bu)充液压(ya)(ya)油，处(chu)理(li)密封及管接头，清(qing)洗或更(geng)换粗(cu)(cu)滤芯。（5）液压(ya)(ya)缸(gang)初始动作缓慢(man)。在温(wen)度(du)较低(di)的情况下，液压(ya)(ya)油黏(nian)度(du)大，流动性差(cha)，导致液压(ya)(ya)缸(gang)动作缓慢(man)。改善方法是(shi)，更(geng)换黏(nian)温(wen)性能(neng)较好的液压(ya)(ya)油，在低(di)温(wen)下可(ke)借助加热器或用机器自身(shen)加热以提升启动时(shi)的油温(wen)，系统正(zheng)常工作油温(wen)应(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)持在40℃左右。中(zhong)国澳门油缸(gang)咨询报价

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