当(dang)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)节点(dian)企(qi)业只根据来自相邻的(de)(de)(de)下游(you)(you)企(qi)业（一般称为(wei)(wei)顾客(ke)和买方(fang)）的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)做出(chu)生产(chan)和供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)给决策时(shi)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)不真实性(xing)会(hui)沿着(zhe)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)逆流而上，使(shi)订(ding)货量(liang)逐级放大(da)(da)，到(dao)达(da)源(yuan)头供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商时(shi)，其获得的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)和市场上的(de)(de)(de)实际(ji)顾客(ke)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)发(fa)生了很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)偏差，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)扭曲将(jiang)实际(ji)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)放大(da)(da)。原因：1、需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)预(yu)测(ce)修正：指供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)成员采(cai)用其直接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)下游(you)(you)订(ding)货数(shu)据作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)市场需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)信(xin)(xin)号(hao)时(shi)，即需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)放大(da)(da)；2、订(ding)货批量(liang)决策：指周期性(xing)订(ding)货决策或者订(ding)单推动；3、价(jia)格(ge)波动：反映了一种商业行为(wei)(wei)，它是(shi)由于一些促销手段造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)(ru)价(jia)格(ge)折(zhe)扣、数(shu)量(liang)折(zhe)扣、赠票等(deng)(deng)；4、短缺博弈：是(shi)一种现象，当(dang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)大(da)(da)于供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)时(shi)，理(li)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)决策是(shi)按照用户的(de)(de)(de)订(ding)货量(liang)比例(li)分配现有库(ku)存供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)量(liang)。此(ci)时(shi)用户就(jiu)为(wei)(wei)了获得更大(da)(da)份额(e)的(de)(de)(de)配给量(liang)，故意地夸(kua)大(da)(da)其订(ding)货需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，当(dang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)降(jiang)(jiang)温时(shi)，订(ding)货又突然消失。方(fang)法：1.提(ti)(ti)高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)共享；2.科学确定定价(jia)决策；3.提(ti)(ti)高运营管理(li)水平，缩短提(ti)(ti)前期；4.提(ti)(ti)高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)能力的(de)(de)(de)透明度；5.建立战(zhan)略性(xing)合作(zuo)伙伴(ban)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要考虑供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)成本(ben)管理(li)，如(ru)(ru)降(jiang)(jiang)低采(cai)购成本(ben)、提(ti)(ti)高生产(chan)效率(lv)等(deng)(deng)，降(jiang)(jiang)低供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)成本(ben)。肇庆国际(ji)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)公司(si)流程

供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)对(dui)促(cu)进物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)快速健康(kang)(kang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)具有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)要(yao)作(zuo)用，从社会(hui)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)来看，电子商务的(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)带(dai)动了(le)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)产(chan)业(ye)的(de)快速发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)产(chan)业(ye)在(zai)新的(de)机遇面前如(ru)(ru)何提(ti)高整体水(shui)平(ping)，实(shi)现快速健康(kang)(kang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，成为(wei)(wei)了(le)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)企业(ye)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)目标(biao)。基于这(zhei)一(yi)现实(shi)需要(yao)，物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)企业(ye)只有(you)(you)(you)积极(ji)利(li)用供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)这(zhei)一(yi)有(you)(you)(you)力手段(duan)，强(qiang)化(hua)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)程的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，使供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)成为(wei)(wei)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)企业(ye)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)支撑，才(cai)能(neng)保证物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)企业(ye)获(huo)得快速健康(kang)(kang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)局面。为(wei)(wei)此(ci)，我们应(ying)(ying)(ying)认(ren)识(shi)到(dao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)对(dui)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)企业(ye)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)作(zuo)用和影响，正确运用供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)这(zhei)一(yi)有(you)(you)(you)效手段(duan)。广(guang)州国际供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)程供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)需要(yao)考虑供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)人(ren)才(cai)培养，如(ru)(ru)培养供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)才(cai)、提(ti)高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)员工素质等，提(ti)高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)。

供应(ying)(ying)链管(guan)理是(shi)围绕把(ba)供应(ying)(ying)商、制(zhi)造商、仓(cang)库、配(pei)送中心(xin)和(he)渠道商有机(ji)结(jie)合成一(yi)体这个(ge)问(wen)题来展开的(de)(de)，因此它包(bao)(bao)括企(qi)业(ye)许多(duo)层次上的(de)(de)活(huo)动，包(bao)(bao)括战略层次、战术层次和(he)作(zuo)业(ye)层次等。1、对制(zhi)造商，成本(ben)降低、实现数量上的(de)(de)折扣和(he)稳(wen)定的(de)(de)价(jia)格(ge)、提(ti)高产品质(zhi)量又(you)降低库存水(shui)平、改善时(shi)间(jian)管(guan)理、缩短(duan)交(jiao)货(huo)提(ti)前期和(he)提(ti)高可靠(kao)性(xing)。2、对供应(ying)(ying)商保证有稳(wen)定的(de)(de)市(shi)场需(xu)求、对用户需(xu)求更(geng)好(hao)地理解、提(ti)高运作(zuo)质(zhi)量、提(ti)高零部(bu)件生产质(zhi)量、降低生产成本(ben)、提(ti)高对买主(zhu)交(jiao)货(huo)期改变的(de)(de)反应(ying)(ying)速度。3、对于双方，可以有效(xiao)地减少(shao)成员之间(jian)的(de)(de)重(zhong)复(fu)下作(zuo)，易时(shi)除流程(cheng)的(de)(de)多(duo)余步(bu)骤，使供应(ying)(ying)链流程(cheng)低成本(ben)、高效(xiao)化。

VMI是(shi)一(yi)种供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)集成(cheng)化(hua)运作(zuo)的(de)(de)决(jue)策代(dai)理模(mo)式，它把用户(hu)的(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)决(jue)策权代(dai)理给供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商(shang)，由供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)商(shang)或批发商(shang)行使库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)决(jue)策的(de)(de)权力。是(shi)一(yi)种风险共担的(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)管(guan)理思想。是(shi)解决(jue)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)由于各节点(dian)，企业相互独立的(de)(de)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)运作(zuo)模(mo)式而导致的(de)(de)“长鞭效(xiao)应(ying)(ying)”，提高供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)同(tong)步化(hua)程度(du)的(de)(de)一(yi)种有效(xiao)方法(fa)。优点(dian)：为实(shi)现供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)同(tong)步化(hua)运作(zuo)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)条件和(he)保证；减(jian)少了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求扭曲现象，降低了(le)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)不确定性(xing)，提高了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)稳(wen)定性(xing)；库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)作(zuo)为供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)双方信(xin)息交(jiao)流和(he)协调(diao)纽带，可以(yi)暴(bao)露(lu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)缺陷，为改进(jin)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理水(shui)平提供(gong)(gong)(gong)依据；为实(shi)现零(ling)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)管(guan)理、准时化(hua)采购以(yi)及精细供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理创造了(le)条件；进(jin)一(yi)步体现了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理环境下的(de)(de)资(zi)源(yuan)共享和(he)风险共担原则。策略(lve)：建(jian)(jian)立供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)协调(diao)管(guan)理机制；建(jian)(jian)立共同(tong)合(he)作(zuo)目(mu)标；建(jian)(jian)立联合(he)库(ku)(ku)存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)协调(diao)方法(fa)；建(jian)(jian)立信(xin)息沟通与共享系(xi)(xi)统(tong)；建(jian)(jian)立利益的(de)(de)分(fen)配和(he)激励机制；发挥(hui)不同(tong)资(zi)源(yuan)管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)统(tong)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用；建(jian)(jian)立快速(su)响应(ying)(ying)系(xi)(xi)统(tong)；发挥(hui)第(di)三方物流企业的(de)(de)作(zuo)用。供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理需(xu)(xu)要(yao)进(jin)行客户(hu)关系(xi)(xi)管(guan)理，以(yi)提高客户(hu)满意度(du)和(he)忠(zhong)诚度(du)。

供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)类型(xing)：稳(wen)定(ding)的(de)和不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)稳(wen)定(ding)的(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（市(shi)场需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)是否(fou)(fou)稳(wen)定(ding)、单一）；平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)和不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（供(gong)(gong)需(xu)是否(fou)(fou)平(ping)衡(heng)、各职能(neng)(neng)运(yun)作是否(fou)(fou)平(ping)衡(heng)）；效率型(xing)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（物料转换功能(neng)(neng)，需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)以预(yu)测，成本(ben)低）和响应(ying)(ying)(ying)型(xing)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（快速响应(ying)(ying)(ying)，需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)预(yu)测）；敏捷型(xing)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（如何(he)处理(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)市(shi)场需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)稳(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)的(de)运(yun)作问题，供(gong)(gong)需(xu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)稳(wen)定(ding)）；风(feng)险归避型(xing)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)（适用(yong)于那种(zhong)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)确定(ding)性(xing)(xing)高(gao)，需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)确定(ding)性(xing)(xing)低的(de)市(shi)场环境）。供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)的(de)系统(tong)特征：系统(tong)性(xing)(xing)、复杂性(xing)(xing)、动态性(xing)(xing)、用(yong)户需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)响应(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)、交叉性(xing)(xing).供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)管理(li)(li)是指对供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)各环节进行协(xie)调(diao)和优(you)化，以提高(gao)效率、降低成本(ben)、提高(gao)客(ke)户满意(yi)度。江门农产品供(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)方案(an)

供应(ying)链(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)要(yao)进行(xing)供应(ying)商管理(li)，以(yi)建立(li)稳定的供应(ying)关系。肇庆(qing)国际(ji)供应(ying)链(lian)(lian)公司流程(cheng)

供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)设计的(de)(de)原则(ze)(ze)：自顶向(xiang)下(xia)和(he)(he)自底向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)相(xiang)结(jie)合(he)；简洁性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)；集(ji)优(you)(you)性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)；协调(diao)(diao)性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)；动态性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)；创新性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)；战(zhan)略(lve)性(xing)原则(ze)(ze)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙(huo)(huo)伴(ban)(ban)关(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)定义：一般是指供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)内部两个或(huo)两个以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，单独的(de)(de)成(cheng)员(yuan)之间(jian)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)一种协调(diao)(diao)关(guan)系(xi)，以(yi)保证实现(xian)某个特(te)定的(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)标或(huo)效益(yi)。相(xiang)比传统的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)关(guan)系(xi)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙(huo)(huo)伴(ban)(ban)关(guan)系(xi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)加(jia)强(qiang)(qiang)调(diao)(diao)直接、长期的(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)，强(qiang)(qiang)调(diao)(diao)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)努力实现(xian)共(gong)(gong)有的(de)(de)计划和(he)(he)解决共(gong)(gong)同(tong)的(de)(de)问(wen)题，强(qiang)(qiang)调(diao)(diao)相(xiang)互之间(jian)的(de)(de)信任(ren)与合(he)作(zuo)。作(zuo)用：降低(di)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)总成(cheng)本(ben)，降低(di)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)库存(cun)水(shui)平(ping)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)信息共(gong)(gong)享水(shui)平(ping)，改善相(xiang)互之间(jian)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流，保持战(zhan)略(lve)伙(huo)(huo)伴(ban)(ban)之间(jian)在(zai)运作(zuo)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)一致性(xing)，从而(er)使(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)产(chan)(chan)生更(geng)(geng)(geng)大的(de)(de)竞争优(you)(you)势，以(yi)实现(xian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)企(qi)业(ye)在(zai)财务状况、质量、产(chan)(chan)量、交(jiao)货期、用户(hu)满意度和(he)(he)业(ye)绩(ji)等方面的(de)(de)改善和(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高。意义：对于制造商(shang)而(er)言，可(ke)以(yi)降低(di)合(he)同(tong)成(cheng)本(ben)，实现(xian)数量折扣及(ji)稳定、有竞争力的(de)(de)价格；提(ti)(ti)(ti)高产(chan)(chan)品(pin)质量和(he)(he)降低(di)库存(cun)水(shui)平(ping)；改善时间(jian)管(guan)理(li)(li)；缩短(duan)交(jiao)货提(ti)(ti)(ti)前期和(he)(he)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高可(ke)靠性(xing)；提(ti)(ti)(ti)高面向(xiang)工(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)企(qi)业(ye)规划；更(geng)(geng)(geng)好的(de)(de)产(chan)(chan)品(pin)设计和(he)(he)更(geng)(geng)(geng)快的(de)(de)对产(chan)(chan)品(pin)变化(hua)的(de)(de)反应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)速度；强(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)数据信息的(de)(de)获取和(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)控制。对于供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)，保证稳定的(de)(de)客(ke)户(hu)，实现(xian)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)期望和(he)(he)目(mu)(mu)标；共(gong)(gong)担风险和(he)(he)共(gong)(gong)享利益(yi)。共(gong)(gong)同(tong)参与产(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)发展，实现(xian)相(xiang)互之间(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)、技术(shu)和(he)(he)物理(li)(li)集(ji)成(cheng)。肇庆(qing)国际供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)链(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)公司流程

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